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European jackal
The European jackal (''Canis aureus moreoticus''), also known as the Caucasian jackal〔 or reed wolf〔 is a subspecies of golden jackal native to Southeast Europe, Asia Minor and the Caucasus. It was first described in 1833 by French naturalist Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire during the Morea expedition.〔Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I. & Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, É. (1836), ''(Expédition scientifique de Morée )'', tome III, 1er partie, Levrault, pp. 19-27〕
It is one of the rarest and least known native canids in Europe, and is not recognized as a large carnivore by the Large Carnivore Initiative for Europe (LCIE), despite being the same size as the Iberian lynx, which is itself classed as such.〔 Though mostly found in scattered populations within Eastern Europe, its range has grown to encompass parts of its former Eastern European range, as well as in Western Europe, which is thought to be attributable to a decline in grey wolf populations.〔〔Clementi, Maria. (''Scoperto in Val Tagliamento lo sciacallo dorato'' ) 〕〔
==Physical description==
The European jackal is the largest of the golden jackals, with animals of both sexes measuring 120–125 cm (47–49 in) in total length and 10–13 kg (20–29 lb) in body weight.〔Giannatos, G. (2004), ''Conservation Action Plan for the golden jackal Canis aureus L. in Greece'', WWF Greece. Athens, Greece. pp. 47〕 One adult male in North-Eastern Italy is recorded to have reached 14.9 kg (33 lb).〔 Lapini, L. (2003). ''Canis aureus'' (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Boitani L., Lovari S. & Vigna Taglianti A. (eds.) ''Fauna d’Italia''. Mammalia III. Carnivora-Artiodactyla. Calderini publ., Bologna, pp. 47–58〕 The fur is coarse, and is generally brightly coloured with blackish tones on the back. The thighs, upper legs, ears and forehead are bright reddish chestnut.〔Heptner, V. & Naumov, N. P. (1988), ''(Mammals of the Soviet Union )'' Vol.II Part 1a, Sirenia and Carnivora (Sea cows; Wolves and Bears), Science Publishers, Inc. USA. pp. 129-164, ISBN 1-886106-81-9〕 Jackals in Northern Dalmatia have broader than average skulls, which is thought to result from human induced isolation from other populations, thus resulting in a new morphotype.
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